What are the rules for title case?

Capitalize the first and last word and every important word: nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and pronouns. Articles (a, an, the), short conjunctions (and, but, or, nor, for) and short prepositions (at, by, in, of, on, to) stay lowercase in the middle of a title. This tool follows AP style, which capitalizes prepositions of four letters or more (With, From); Chicago style lowercases all prepositions. A word right after a colon or dash is capitalized, as the start of a subtitle.

What is the difference between title case and sentence case?

Title case capitalizes most words (“How to Write a Headline”); sentence case capitalizes only the first word and proper nouns, like an ordinary sentence (“How to write a headline”). Many style guides, and most apps’ buttons and menus, now use sentence case for headings because it is easier to read.

Does it keep acronyms and brand names like NASA and iPhone?

Yes, in title and sentence case a word that already mixes capitals on purpose (NASA, iPhone, McDonald) is kept as typed. The exception is text typed entirely in capitals: then no word can be told apart, so everything is lowercased first and acronyms need fixing by hand. Proper nouns typed in lowercase cannot be recognized either; the tool does not guess names.

What are camelCase, snake_case and kebab-case?

Ways of writing several words as one name without spaces, used in programming. camelCase joins them with each new word capitalized (userAccountSettings), PascalCase capitalizes the first word too (UserAccountSettings), snake_case joins lowercase words with underscores (user_account_settings), kebab-case with hyphens (user-account-settings), and CONSTANT_CASE is snake_case in capitals. The converter also splits existing names, so it turns userAccountSettings into user_account_settings and back.

Is my text sent anywhere?

No. The conversion runs entirely in your browser; nothing you paste is uploaded, stored or sent to analytics. Analytics only record that the tool was used or that a Copy button was pressed, never any text.

Does it work with accents and other alphabets?

Yes. Accented letters are kept whole (café becomes CAFÉ and caféCrème), German ß becomes SS in uppercase, and Greek, Cyrillic and other alphabets with capitals convert as expected. Scripts without capital letters, such as Hebrew, Arabic, Chinese and Japanese, are left as they are; in camelCase and PascalCase an underscore keeps their words apart, since joining them would hide where one word ends.

Why does camelCase turn “iPhone” into “IPhone” in the middle of a name?

The capital P marks a new word, so “iPhone” is read as the words “i” and “Phone”, and in camelCase every word after the first starts with a capital. The same rule splits XMLHttpRequest into XML, Http and Request. Fix the odd brand name by hand if you need it.

Case Converter: Title Case, UPPERCASE, camelCase and More

Paste your text to see it in nine cases at once, each with its own Copy button: UPPERCASE, lowercase, Title Case, Sentence case, camelCase, PascalCase, snake_case, kebab-case and CONSTANT_CASE. Title case follows the AP rule, so “how to write a headline: a short guide for the web, with tips from NASA and the iPhone era” becomes “How to Write a Headline: A Short Guide for the Web, With Tips From NASA and the iPhone Era”: short articles, conjunctions and prepositions stay lowercase and deliberate capitals like NASA and iPhone are kept. Your text never leaves the browser.

Updated 2026-09-28Runs in your browser: nothing you enter is uploadedHow this tool works

Your textYour text never leaves the browser

Replace the example: paste or type. All nine cases update as you type.

Converted text

UPPERCASE
HOW TO WRITE A HEADLINE: A SHORT GUIDE FOR THE WEB, WITH TIPS FROM NASA AND THE IPHONE ERA
lowercase
how to write a headline: a short guide for the web, with tips from nasa and the iphone era
Title Case
How to Write a Headline: A Short Guide for the Web, With Tips From NASA and the iPhone Era
Sentence case
How to write a headline: a short guide for the web, with tips from NASA and the iPhone era
camelCase
howToWriteAHeadlineAShortGuideForTheWebWithTipsFromNasaAndTheIPhoneEra
PascalCase
HowToWriteAHeadlineAShortGuideForTheWebWithTipsFromNasaAndTheIPhoneEra
snake_case
how_to_write_a_headline_a_short_guide_for_the_web_with_tips_from_nasa_and_the_i_phone_era
kebab-case
how-to-write-a-headline-a-short-guide-for-the-web-with-tips-from-nasa-and-the-i-phone-era
CONSTANT_CASE
HOW_TO_WRITE_A_HEADLINE_A_SHORT_GUIDE_FOR_THE_WEB_WITH_TIPS_FROM_NASA_AND_THE_I_PHONE_ERA

The nine cases side by side

“user account settings” in each case, and where each style is used.
Case	“user account settings”	Typically used for
UPPERCASE	USER ACCOUNT SETTINGS	Headings for emphasis, signs, acronyms
lowercase	user account settings	Tags, email addresses, a casual tone
Title Case	User Account Settings	Headlines, book, film and article titles
Sentence case	User account settings	Body text, subheadings, buttons and menus in most style guides
camelCase	userAccountSettings	JavaScript and Java variables and functions, JSON keys
PascalCase	UserAccountSettings	Class and type names, React components, C# methods
snake_case	user_account_settings	Python variables and functions, database columns
kebab-case	user-account-settings	URLs and slugs, CSS classes, file names
CONSTANT_CASE	USER_ACCOUNT_SETTINGS	Constants, environment variables

Words that stay lowercase in title case

Unless the word is first or last, or follows a colon or dash. AP style capitalizes prepositions of four letters or more (With, From, Into); Chicago style lowercases every preposition.
Word	Kind
a	Article
an	Article
the	Article
and	Coordinating conjunction
but	Coordinating conjunction
or	Coordinating conjunction
nor	Coordinating conjunction
for	Coordinating conjunction or preposition
as	Preposition of three letters or fewer
at	Preposition of three letters or fewer
by	Preposition of three letters or fewer
in	Preposition of three letters or fewer
of	Preposition of three letters or fewer
off	Preposition of three letters or fewer
on	Preposition of three letters or fewer
per	Preposition of three letters or fewer
to	Preposition of three letters or fewer
via	Preposition of three letters or fewer
vs. (versus)	Preposition of three letters or fewer

Title case examples

Typed	Title case	Sentence case
the lord of the rings	The Lord of the Rings	The lord of the rings
gone with the wind	Gone With the Wind	Gone with the wind
star wars: a new hope	Star Wars: A New Hope	Star wars: a new hope
what are you looking at	What Are You Looking At	What are you looking at
a self-driving car for the city	A Self-Driving Car for the City	A self-driving car for the city

How to change the case of text

Paste or type your text. Replace the example in the box. Every case below updates as you type.
Find the case you need. Each output is labeled: Title Case for headlines, Sentence case for body text and buttons, snake_case or camelCase for code.
Copy it. Press Copy next to that case. If your browser blocks the clipboard, the text is selected so you can copy it yourself.

Frequently asked questions

What are the rules for title case?: Capitalize the first and last word and every important word: nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and pronouns. Articles (a, an, the), short conjunctions (and, but, or, nor, for) and short prepositions (at, by, in, of, on, to) stay lowercase in the middle of a title. This tool follows AP style, which capitalizes prepositions of four letters or more (With, From); Chicago style lowercases all prepositions. A word right after a colon or dash is capitalized, as the start of a subtitle.
What is the difference between title case and sentence case?: Title case capitalizes most words (“How to Write a Headline”); sentence case capitalizes only the first word and proper nouns, like an ordinary sentence (“How to write a headline”). Many style guides, and most apps’ buttons and menus, now use sentence case for headings because it is easier to read.
Does it keep acronyms and brand names like NASA and iPhone?: Yes, in title and sentence case a word that already mixes capitals on purpose (NASA, iPhone, McDonald) is kept as typed. The exception is text typed entirely in capitals: then no word can be told apart, so everything is lowercased first and acronyms need fixing by hand. Proper nouns typed in lowercase cannot be recognized either; the tool does not guess names.
What are camelCase, snake_case and kebab-case?: Ways of writing several words as one name without spaces, used in programming. camelCase joins them with each new word capitalized (userAccountSettings), PascalCase capitalizes the first word too (UserAccountSettings), snake_case joins lowercase words with underscores (user_account_settings), kebab-case with hyphens (user-account-settings), and CONSTANT_CASE is snake_case in capitals. The converter also splits existing names, so it turns userAccountSettings into user_account_settings and back.
Is my text sent anywhere?: No. The conversion runs entirely in your browser; nothing you paste is uploaded, stored or sent to analytics. Analytics only record that the tool was used or that a Copy button was pressed, never any text.
Does it work with accents and other alphabets?: Yes. Accented letters are kept whole (café becomes CAFÉ and caféCrème), German ß becomes SS in uppercase, and Greek, Cyrillic and other alphabets with capitals convert as expected. Scripts without capital letters, such as Hebrew, Arabic, Chinese and Japanese, are left as they are; in camelCase and PascalCase an underscore keeps their words apart, since joining them would hide where one word ends.
Why does camelCase turn “iPhone” into “IPhone” in the middle of a name?: The capital P marks a new word, so “iPhone” is read as the words “i” and “Phone”, and in camelCase every word after the first starts with a capital. The same rule splits XMLHttpRequest into XML, Http and Request. Fix the odd brand name by hand if you need it.

How it works

UPPERCASE and lowercase use the standard Unicode case mappings, independent of your device’s language setting, so the result is the same everywhere. Title case splits the text at spaces and capitalizes the first letter of each word, including each part of a hyphenated compound, except the small words listed above in the middle of a line; the first and last words and any word after a colon, dash or sentence end are always capitalized. Sentence case lowercases each word and capitalizes the first word of every sentence and line, and the pronoun I. Both keep words with deliberate capitals unless the whole text is in capitals. The programming cases split each line into words at anything that is not a letter or digit and at changes from lowercase to uppercase, drop apostrophes inside words, and join the words with the case’s separator. Letters are matched by Unicode property, with combining accents kept on their letter. Everything runs in your browser.

Sources

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